Asana: Philosophy, Definition, and Purpose

Patanjali’s Yoga Sutras,
particularly sutras 2.46 to 2.49, provide essential definitions and guidance
regarding asana, or posture, as part of the eight limbs of yoga. Sutra 2.46
characterizes asana as “sthira sukham asanam,” which translates to
“a steady and comfortable posture.” This highlights the need for
asana to combine both alertness and relaxation. Various interpretations from
respected teachers reinforce this definition, emphasizing that a proper asana
should feel natural, joyful, and provide a stable foundation for yoga
practice.

Sutra 2.47 addresses how to master asana: “By lessening the natural
tendency for restlessness and by meditating on the infinite, posture is
mastered.” This mastery comes from recognizing bodily and breath reactions
during practice and gradually controlling them. Importantly, sutra 2.48 notes
the result of this mastery: one becomes undisturbed by life’s dualities,
meaning that external factors such as age or environment do not negatively
impact one’s state.

Ancient yogic perspectives on health and fitness diverge from modern views.
Rather than a focus on physical endurance or the ability to maintain
postures, health is defined as stability, grace in movement, and resilience
to change. Key attributes of health include “sthira,” a stable
structure that resists gravitational pull; “sukha,” or a freedom
from suffering; and “angalaghavam,” which encapsulates agility and
lightness in the body. This comprehensive understanding of fitness fosters a
holistic approach to well-being.

The purpose and benefits of asana include a wide array of physical and
psychological advantages. Practicing asanas can release tension, prepare the
body for meditation, enhance balance and flexibility, and direct attention
inward. Renowned teachers emphasize asana as a vital process to integrate
mind and body, open energy channels, and even promote emotional well-being.
Richard Freeman notes that ideally, asana allows meditation to flow
spontaneously. Additionally, B.K.S. Iyengar highlights that mastering yoga
involves balancing energies throughout the body, while Larry Payne emphasizes
asana’s role in decreasing stress and improving concentration.

Ultimately, asana serves as an important foundation for deeper practice. It
is viewed as a valuable tool for exploration and release, providing
opportunities to confront emotions and deepen self-awareness. Through this
process, practitioners become more connected to their inner selves and the
broader universe. For further insights into asana philosophy and its purpose,
please visit:
https://ashtanga.tech/study-guide/yoga-techniques/asana/asana-foundations/asana-philosophy-purpose-definition-purpose-of-asana/.